TY - JOUR AU - Rabuyan, Noor Aini AU - Wan Abu Bakar, Wan Azelee PY - 2016/10/04 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Demetallization of toxic and heavy metal in Razor Clam, Ensis Arcuatus utilizing catalytic chelation technique JF - Malaysian Journal of Catalysis JA - Malay. J. Catal. VL - 1 IS - 1 SE - DO - 10.11113/mjcat.v1n1.13 UR - https://mjcat.utm.my/index.php/MalJCat/article/view/13 SP - AB - <p><em>Ensis arcuatus</em> is a local seafood and aquatic catches in Malaysia. The toxic and heavy metals content in <em>Ensis arcuatus</em> were recorded below the Malaysian Food Regulation (1985) and EU Food Regulations with the range of initial concentration Pb 0.053±0.030 to.0.074±0.04µg/g, Cd 0.008±0.030 to 0.140±0.240µg/g and Ni 0.003±0.040 to 0.180±0.070µg/g.  In this research, the potential chelating agents which is trisodium citrate to remove toxic and heavy metals in <em>Ensis arcuatus</em> was determined using chelation method, while the optimum conditions used were 600 mg/L, dosage of chelating agents for 1 hours of treatment at temperature 29.5°C. The percentage removal of Pb, Cd and Ni were 21.62% (0.06±0.03µg/g), 31.73% (0.005±0.00µg/g) and 38.07% (0.001±0.02µg/g) respectively . The experimental data revealed that with the presence of catalyst, the percentage removal of the heavy metals  increased.  Experimental result showed that with the present of CaO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, the percentage removal were increased  It is due to the properties of the CaO that have potential towards the removal of heavy metal. in <em>Ensis arcuatus. </em> Meanwhile, XRD analysis depicted the active sites were due to the presence of orthorhombic Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, monoclinic CaAl<sub>l4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/CaO.2Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and cubic Ca<sub>12</sub>Al<sub>14</sub>O<sub>33</sub> species. BET surface area study illustrated the surface area of 33.22 m<sup>2</sup>/g.  Finally, FTIR analysis concluded that CaO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst at 1000°C treatment showed total removal of metal nitrate species.</p><p> </p> ER -